Fuel injection apparatus



Oct. 14, 1958 Filed D96. 14, 1953 c. F. HIGH 2,855,849

FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

CARL F. HcGr-i ATTOP/VEY Oct. 14, 1958 I 4 c. F. HIGH 2,855,849

FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed Dec. 14, 195.? 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I I 2o l8 5 l9 5 El 5 E 12 II I /39 I J 9 35 2e 36 34 5 JNVENTOR. GAE L F. H IG H *7- 135. A BY g 4.4M

A T TOENE 3f United States Patent Office 2,855,849 Patented Oct. 14, 1958 FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS,

Carl F. High, Detroit, Mich., assignor to American Bosch Arma Corporation, a corporation of New York Application December 14, 1953, Serial No. 397,868

1 Claim. (Cl. 103-2) This invention relates to fuel injection apparatus and has particular reference to a new and improved fuel injection pump and governor therefor.

An object of the invention is to provide a fuel injection pump and governor combination adapted to be driven by the usual ignition distributor drive of gasoline engines.

Another object is to provide a new and improved governor for fuel injection pumps.

Another object is to provide a new and improved fuel injection pump which embodies a fixed spill or bypass port and a retractive delivery valve in conjunction therewith for shortening the delivery.

Another object is to provide a new and improved arrangement for driving the governor of a fuel injection pump.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the accompanying claim, as the preferred form has been given by way of illustration only.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top or plan view of a device embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a bottom view thereof;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view thereof taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 66 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on 4; and

Fig. 8 is a detailed view of the metering valve and governor therefor.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding line 77 of Fig.

parts throughout, the device shown embodying the invention comprises a housing 25 which is formed of several sections secured together by bolts 26. Extending into housing 25 is drive shaft 1 adapted to be driven by the usual ignition distributor drive means on a gasoline engine.

In the housing is provided a bore 27 in alignment with drive shaft 1 and in said bore 27 is provided hollow pumping plunger 28 within which is positioned retractive delivery valve 2 and metering valve 11. Drive shaft 1 is keyed to plunger 28 for effecting rotation thereof.

Plunger 28 is provided with the face cam 29 adapted to engage roller 30 on pin 31 to effect movement of plunger 28 on its pumping stroke and said plunger is returned on its suction stroke by spring 32. Thus reciprocation of plunger 28 is efiected simultaneously with its rotation.

The pump is provided with a centrifugal governor designated generally at 3 for maintaining idling and preventing overspeed of the engine. The pump also has the discharge tubes and fittings 4, each of which is adapted to be connected to ,an engine cylinder for supplying fuel thereto.

The pump is also provided with the usual control lever adjusting screws 5.

The splines 6, are provided on the upper or pumping end of the plunger 28, to drive, through internal mating splines of the spider 7, the flyball governor 3. The lower cone of the governor 8 is mounted on the Rodex bearing 9. The upper cone 10 is slidably mounted on the elongated head or extension of metering valve 11 with the spider 7 held against reciprocation by the washer 12 under the shoulder of metering valve 11 which valve in turn is held against upward movement by the adjusting screw 13. The downward thrust of the spider 7, plus the washer 12'and the valve 11 above it, is held by the bearing 14 formed integral with the upper part of the pump body 15. The centrifugal force of the flyballs 16 is opposed by the spring 17, the spring in turn reacting against the pump cover 18. It will be noted that the lower cone 8 is free to rotate while the upper cone 10 is positioned against rotation by the ball-end on the control crank 19 which is integral with lever 20 which is the movable element in the adaptor 21.

Referring again to the slidable mounting of the upper cone 10, on the metering valve 11, it will be noted that the hub of cone 10 has a pin 22 which serves as a cam follower of the torque cam 23 which is formed in a wall of the upper portion of the metering valve 11. Thus, as the upper cone 10 is raised by the force of the fiyballs 16, or retracted by the force of the spring 17, the cam follower pin 22, following the contour of cam 23, will position the metering valve according to the contour of the cam, to give the desired torque back-up or other shape of the fuel delivery curve.

The radial positioning of upper cone 10, irrespective of its axial movement, is the function of the ball on crank end 19 sliding in a groove 24 which rises above the upper surface of the upper cone 10. The initial positioning of the cone 10, which rotates with it the cam-follower pin 22 which carries with it the torquecam 23 establishes the portion of the fuel delivery curve which will be used. Thus, at one limit of rotation, full pump delivery will be effected, at the other limit of rotation, idling will be bypassed, and the fuel delivery will be cut off to stop the engine. Between these limits, any portion of the delivery curve can be utilized.

Reviewing briefly, the control lever 20 moves the ball-end of crank 19 to position upper cone 10 through the groove 24. The rotation of the cone positions the cam-follower pin 22 which positions the metering valve 11 after which the upward or downward movement of the cone 10, and the torque-cam 23 which is integral with it, will give precisely the fuel delivery for any speed and load which has been determined that the engine requires. Changing the contour of the cam will change the fuel delivery if that is desired.

The lower cone 8 of the governor 3 is made flat in order that the governor may be operated by relatively small forces acting on the balls 16. The upper cone 10 is tailored.

Fuel is supplied to the pump from a supply tank and, if desired, through a transfer pump, to inlet 33 into sump 34 from which it passes through ports 35 and ports 36 in plunger 28 into bore 21.

Metering plunger 11 has the axial bore 37 and radial ports 38 communicating therewith for bypassing fuel back through ports 39 in plunger 28 and ports 40 to the sump.

The fuel to be delivered passes delivery valve 2 into distributing chamber 41 from which it passes through radial distributing port 42 to distributing slot 43 by which it is distributed to each of the outlets 4 successively upon rotation of plunger 28.

In the operation of the device, upon rotation of drive shaft 1, plunger 28 is simultaneously rotated and reciprocated. Fuel enters the pump through inlet 33 into sump 34 from which it passes through ports 35 and 36 in plunger 23 to the bore, wherein it is pumped and from which it passes through delivery valve 2 through distn'buting port 42 to each of the outlets 4 successively.

The radial position of upper cone 10 is controlled by lever 20 and said cone 10 is adapted to be actuated by the centrifugal force of the fly-ball 16 and such movement of the cone 10 will, due to pin 22 in cam 23, position the metering valve 11 according to the contour of the cam 23 to give the desired torque backup or other shape of the fuel delivery curve.

From the above it will be seen that I have provided means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention.

I claim:

In a device of the character described, a housing having a bore, a hollow plunger in said bore, means for simultaneously' reciprocating and rotating said hollow plunger, an adjustable metering valve member extending into said bore, adjustable means for adjusting the position of said metering valve member in said bore, said hollow plunger having a distributing port and a plurality of outlets in said housing and adapted to communicate with said distributing port successively upon rotation of said hollow plunger and a ball weight centrifugal governor surrounding said hollow plunger and including a relatively flat cone and a tailored cone operatively connected to said metering valve for adjusting said metering valve within said hollowplunger, the ball weights of said governor engaging said tailored cone and adapted to efiect movement of said cone to thereby adjust said metering valve, and spring means normally opposing the movement of said tailored cone.

References Cited in the file of this patent 

